Computer Software

• Actions
• Programming Languages
• Statement Types
• File Types
• Operating Systems

• compile (コンパイル)
  Before you can use your software, you need to compile it.
• link (リンク)
  You may not notice, but the compiler also links your program with other files.
• execute, run (実行)
  After compilation is finished, you can execute your program.
• debug (デバッグ)
  If your program does not run as you expected, you need to debug it.
• install (インストール)
  After all the bugs have been removed, you can install your program on your computer.

• machine language (マシン言語)
  Machine language is the most basic of computer languages.
• assembly language (アセンブリ言語)
  However, it is easier for human beings to write programs in assembly language.
• C, C++
  In order to write complex programs, a high level language such as C or C++ is useful.
• Java
  One language that is platform independent is Java, which was created by Sun Microsystems.
• Fortran
  Fortran was used for a long time for scientific calculations.
• scripting language (スクリプト言語)
  Scripting languages are easy to use because they do not have to be compiled before execution.

• declaration statement (宣言文)
  Declaration statements are used to define variables.
• assignment statement (割当て文)
  When you want to assign a value to a variable, an assignment statement is used.
• conditional statement (条件文)
  Sometimes you want to check for certain things. In this case conditional statements are used.
• flow control statement (フロー制御文)
  If you want to change to order in which statements are executed, you use flow control statements.
• subroutine, function (サブルーチン、関数)
  Subroutines or functions are used when you do the same things many times. This makes programs simpler.

• source file (ソースファイル)
  The main program is located in one or more source files.
• header file (ヘッダーファイル)
  Program definitions are usually grouped in header files.
• object file (オブジェクトファイル)
  When a program is compiled, one or more object files are created.
• executable file (実行ファイル)
  The object files are linked to create an executable file. This file is the one that you can run.
• library (ライブラリ)
  Extra functions that can be used by many programs are stored in libraries.

• UNIX
  The most stable operating system is UNIX.
• LINUX
  There are many varieties of UNIX. The most popular version is LINUX.
• Windows
  Due to dirty business practices, Microsoft has gained a large share of the operating system market with its Windows operating system.
• freeze (固まる)
  Unfortunately, Windows has many problems. In the past it used to freeze frequently.
• virus (ウイルス)
  Nowadays, Windows is very susceptible to viruses.
• kernel (カーネル)
  The core of an operating system is called the kernel.
• device driver (デバイスドライバ)
  A device driver allows an operating system to control hardware devices attached to a computer.
• partition (パーティション)
  When installing an operating system, it is convenient to divide the disk into several partitions.
• file system (ファイルシステム)
  Each disk partition contains a file system, which is one or more parts of the operating system.
• multiuser (マルチユーザ)
  In a multiuser operating system, many people can use the computer at the same time. UNIX is a multiuser operating system. Windows is not.